The Chemical Erosion in River Basins of Georgia

Abstract

Soil erosion events in the river basins of Georgia are quiteintense in both the middle and upper reaches of the western and eastern Georgian rivers, with soil leaching 10-33 t/ha per year. Especially with high denudation, 0.8-1.0 mm annually are characterized by watersheds of western Georgia: Kodori, Enguri, Mananga, Techuri, Rioni, Kvirila, Adjaris tskali and Satsikhuri watersheds. From the rivers of western Georgia - the river Kodori (Vil. Latha - 6.60 t/ha), Enguri (Vil. Dizi - 6.30 t/ha), Rioni (Vil. Khidikari - 6.10 t/ha,Vil. Namokhani - 6.50 t/ha). From the rivers of western Georgia - the river Kvirila (Zestafoni - 6.90 t/ha) and Adjaristskali (Khulo -6.50 t/ha), solid run off module exceeds the permissible amount of erosion. The watersheds of the Southern Georgian Rivers basin are characterized by minimal denudation that varies from 0.01 to 0.08 mm per year. This denudation of the watersheds of the rivers of southern Georgia can be termed “geological erosion”. Ionic runoff accounts for 15-88% of total runoff.  Ionian runoff in sediments insouthern Georgia exceeds sedimentary runoff, which is not observed in river basins of other regions of Georgia.