Biochemical characterization of neurolectins, neuron, glial cells, synaptosomes and cell subfractions of the brain

Abstract

In the present work the results of experimental research in the field of quantitative and qualitative distribution of neurolectins in the neurons, glial cells, synaptosomes and subfraction of the rats, chickens and bovine brain are presented. Neurolectins were isolated from the enriched fraction of neural and glial cells The specific activity of neurolectins was 780 (neuron) and 713 (glia) units and showed diverse affinity for carbohydrates: neurolectin isolated from enriched fraction of neurons showed specific sensitivity to D-galactose (NL-Gal, 16.2 mM), neurolectin isolated from the enriched fractions of glial cells showed specific sensitivity to inositol (GL-I, 4.6 mm), and other carbohydrate haptens depending on the concentration. Two neurolectins were isolated from synaptic vesicles of chicken and bovine brain and were identified as specific to inositol (SVL-I) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (SVL-NAGA), which, according to our hypothesis, were actively involved in the capture and secretion of neurotransmitters and biological active substances. Since the quantitative distribution of neurolectins in the animal brain was established, it was of great interest to study the distribution of neurolectins at the level of subcellular fractions of nerve cells. It has been found that agglutination with mitochondrial neurolectin is specifically inhibited by glucose, galactose, and N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetyl-galactosamine and is called BML-GluG. Neurolectins of the nucleus nerve cells were separated on a Protein PAK-300-SW column. Nuclear neurolectins are divided into two protein fractions. Using the hapten-inhibitory method, it was shown that both neurolectins of the nucleus of the rat haptens of the brain are N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-galactose and L-fructose (NucL-G).